How to Fix Jewelry That Has Turned Copper: A Jeweler’s Guide

So, your beloved piece of jewelry has taken on an unwelcome copper hue? Don’t despair! This unsightly transformation, often referred to as tarnishing or oxidation, is a common problem, especially with jewelry that isn’t solid gold or platinum. The good news is, in many cases, it’s fixable. The best solution is cleaning the jewelry using gentle methods to remove the copper oxidation without damaging the underlying metal. Let’s dive into the how-to.

Understanding Why Jewelry Turns Copper

Before we get to the fix, let’s quickly understand why this happens. Most jewelry that exhibits this copper discoloration is plated with a thin layer of a precious metal like gold or silver over a base metal – often copper or a copper alloy. Over time, this plating can wear away due to friction, exposure to chemicals (lotions, perfumes, sweat), or even just the air. When the plating thins or disappears completely, the copper underneath is exposed to the air and oxidizes, resulting in that reddish-brown copper appearance.

Steps to Restore Your Jewelry’s Shine

Here’s a comprehensive guide to restoring your jewelry, keeping in mind that the delicate nature of plated jewelry requires a gentle approach:

1. Assessment is Key

Before you begin, carefully examine your jewelry. Is the copper color widespread, or just in a few spots? This will give you an idea of how much plating is worn away. Also, identify the type of metal that was originally plated. Was it gold, silver, or rhodium? This knowledge is important for selecting the right cleaning method. If the copper hue is excessive and widespread, it is very likely that the plating is gone and the jewelry must be re-plated by a professional.

2. Gentle Cleaning: Your First Line of Defense

For lightly tarnished jewelry, a gentle cleaning might be all you need. Here are a few methods:

• Soap and Water: Mix a few drops of mild dish soap with warm water. Use a soft-bristled brush (like a baby toothbrush) to gently scrub the jewelry. Rinse thoroughly with clean water and pat dry with a soft cloth. Avoid harsh scrubbing, which can further damage the plating.
• Baking Soda Paste: Create a paste of baking soda and water. Apply the paste to the affected areas, let it sit for a minute or two, and then gently rub with a soft cloth. Rinse well and dry. Caution: Baking soda can be abrasive, so use it sparingly and gently.
• Commercial Jewelry Cleaners: If the above methods don’t work, consider a commercial jewelry cleaner specifically designed for plated jewelry. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. Some cleaners are too harsh for delicate plating.

3. Addressing Deeper Tarnishing

If the copper color persists after gentle cleaning, you might need to step up your game, but still with caution:

• Tarnish Remover Cloth: These cloths are impregnated with chemicals that help remove tarnish. Gently rub the affected areas with the cloth. Avoid excessive pressure.
• Polishing Cloths Specifically for Plated Jewelry: These are less abrasive than regular polishing cloths and designed to clean plated jewelry without removing the plating.

4. Protecting Your Jewelry After Cleaning

Once you’ve restored the shine, protect your jewelry to prevent future tarnishing:

• Apply a Jewelry Protectant: There are products specifically designed to create a barrier between your jewelry and the environment, helping to prevent oxidation.
• Store Your Jewelry Properly: Store your jewelry in a cool, dry place, ideally in a jewelry box or pouch. This protects it from humidity and air exposure, which accelerate tarnishing.
• Avoid Contact with Chemicals: Remove your jewelry before swimming, showering, or applying lotions, perfumes, or cleaning products.
• Regular Cleaning: Even a quick wipe with a soft cloth after each wear can help prevent the buildup of tarnish.

5. When to Seek Professional Help

If the copper color is extensive, the plating is visibly worn away, or you’re uncomfortable cleaning the jewelry yourself, it’s best to seek professional help. A jeweler can assess the damage and determine if re-plating is an option. Re-plating involves applying a new layer of the original precious metal over the base metal, restoring the jewelry to its former glory. This is usually the best option for restoring badly tarnished pieces.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Here are some frequently asked questions about fixing jewelry that has turned copper:

1. Can you completely reverse copper tarnishing on jewelry?

Yes, in many cases you can significantly reduce or even eliminate the copper color through gentle cleaning and polishing. However, if the plating is completely worn away, the copper will continue to oxidize. In those cases, re-plating is the only way to truly reverse the copper appearance.

2. Is it safe to use vinegar to clean jewelry that has turned copper?

Avoid using vinegar on plated jewelry. Vinegar is acidic and can damage or dissolve the plating, making the copper problem worse.

3. How often should I clean my jewelry to prevent it from turning copper?

This depends on how often you wear the jewelry and how much it’s exposed to environmental factors. A quick wipe with a soft cloth after each wear can help. A more thorough cleaning every few weeks or months is usually sufficient for jewelry that’s not worn daily.

4. Will wearing my jewelry in the shower cause it to turn copper faster?

Yes, absolutely. The combination of water, soap, and humidity can accelerate the tarnishing process. It’s best to remove your jewelry before showering.

5. Can I use toothpaste to clean jewelry that has turned copper?

Avoid using toothpaste. Toothpaste is abrasive and can scratch the surface of your jewelry, especially plated pieces.

6. What is the best way to store jewelry to prevent tarnishing?

Store jewelry in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and humidity. Individual jewelry boxes or pouches are ideal. You can also add a tarnish-resistant strip to the storage container.

7. Can I use ultrasonic cleaners on jewelry that has turned copper?

It is not recommended to use ultrasonic cleaners on plated jewelry or on jewelry that has gemstones or other delicate elements, as the vibrations can loosen stones or damage the plating.

8. How much does it cost to have jewelry re-plated?

The cost of re-plating varies depending on the type of metal, the size of the jewelry, and the complexity of the design. Expect to pay anywhere from $50 to $200 or more for re-plating.

9. What are the signs that my jewelry needs to be re-plated instead of just cleaned?

Signs that your jewelry needs re-plating include extensive copper discoloration, visible wear and tear on the plating, and a dull or uneven finish. If cleaning doesn’t improve the appearance, re-plating is likely the best option.

10. Can I re-plate jewelry myself?

Re-plating is a complex process that requires specialized equipment and knowledge. It’s best left to professionals. DIY re-plating kits are available, but the results are often unsatisfactory and can potentially damage your jewelry.

11. What type of jewelry is most prone to turning copper?

Jewelry made with copper-based alloys is most prone to turning copper. This includes jewelry that is gold-plated or silver-plated but has a copper or brass base.

12. Is there anything I can do to prevent jewelry from turning copper in the first place?

Yes! The best way to prevent jewelry from turning copper is to choose high-quality jewelry with a thick and durable plating. Avoid exposing your jewelry to chemicals, store it properly, and clean it regularly. Consider applying a jewelry protectant to create a barrier against oxidation.

By following these steps and FAQs, you can effectively fix jewelry that has turned copper and keep your cherished pieces looking their best for years to come!