Does it Cost Money to Become a U.S. Citizen?

Yes, becoming a U.S. citizen absolutely costs money. The process involves several fees payable to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), and these fees can represent a significant financial hurdle for many aspiring citizens.

Understanding the Costs of Naturalization

The journey to U.S. citizenship, also known as naturalization, isn’t free. It’s more like paying a series of tolls on the road to becoming an American. These costs cover the administrative burden of processing your application, conducting background checks, and administering the naturalization test. Let’s break down what you can expect to pay.

The N-400 Application Fee: The Main Expense

The most significant expense is the N-400 application fee, which is the fee for the Application for Naturalization. This is the primary application you’ll submit to USCIS to become a citizen. The fee is subject to change, so you should always verify the current amount on the USCIS website before you apply. Consider this your initial investment in your American future.

Biometrics Fee: Fingerprints and Background Checks

In addition to the N-400 fee, you may also need to pay a biometrics fee. This covers the cost of collecting your fingerprints for background checks. USCIS uses your fingerprints to verify your identity and ensure you have no disqualifying criminal history. While sometimes the biometrics fee is included in the N-400 fee, it is essential to verify the most current information.

Additional Potential Costs: Beyond the Basics

While the N-400 and biometrics fees are the most common expenses, there might be other costs to consider. These can include:

• Medical Examinations: In some cases, USCIS may require you to undergo a medical examination by a designated civil surgeon. This examination ensures you don’t have any health conditions that could pose a public health risk.
• Translation Services: If any of your supporting documents are not in English, you’ll need to have them translated by a certified translator. This can add a significant expense, especially if you have a large number of documents.
• Legal Fees: While not mandatory, many applicants choose to hire an immigration attorney to help them navigate the complex naturalization process. Legal fees can vary widely depending on the attorney’s experience and the complexity of your case.
• Travel Expenses: You might need to travel to attend interviews, biometrics appointments, and the naturalization ceremony. These travel expenses, including transportation and accommodation, can add up, especially if you live far from a USCIS office.
• Study Materials: Preparing for the civics test requires study. You might invest in textbooks, online courses, or other materials to help you learn about U.S. history and government.

Fee Waivers: Financial Assistance

Fortunately, USCIS offers fee waivers to individuals who cannot afford the naturalization fees. You’ll need to demonstrate that your income is below a certain threshold or that you’re experiencing significant financial hardship. Applying for a fee waiver involves submitting Form I-912, Request for Fee Waiver, along with supporting documentation. Be prepared to provide detailed information about your income, expenses, and assets.

Payment Options: How to Pay USCIS

USCIS accepts various payment methods, including:

• Money Orders: You can pay with a money order payable to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
• Personal Checks: You can pay with a personal check drawn on a U.S. bank account.
• Credit Cards: You can pay online using a credit card.

Never send cash through the mail. It’s crucial to ensure your payment is correct and submitted with your application to avoid delays or rejection.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Naturalization Costs

Here are some frequently asked questions to further clarify the financial aspects of becoming a U.S. citizen:

FAQ 1: How much does it cost to apply for U.S. citizenship in 2024?

The N-400 application fee is the primary cost. Always check the official USCIS website (uscis.gov) for the most up-to-date fee schedule as it is subject to change. Remember to factor in the potential biometrics fee as well.

FAQ 2: What is the biometrics fee, and is it always required?

The biometrics fee covers the cost of fingerprinting. Whether it is required and whether it is included in the N-400 fee fluctuates. Please check the latest USCIS guidelines. This is typically required for applicants between specific ages.

FAQ 3: How can I apply for a fee waiver for the naturalization application?

You can apply for a fee waiver by submitting Form I-912 to USCIS. You’ll need to provide detailed information about your income, expenses, and assets to demonstrate your inability to pay the fees.

FAQ 4: What documents do I need to submit with my fee waiver request?

You’ll need to submit evidence of your income, such as pay stubs, tax returns, and bank statements. You should also include documentation of your expenses, such as rent, utilities, and medical bills. Any evidence of financial hardship should be included.

FAQ 5: What happens if my fee waiver is denied?

If your fee waiver is denied, you’ll need to pay the full application fee to continue with the naturalization process. You can appeal the denial, but you’ll need to provide additional evidence to support your claim of financial hardship.

FAQ 6: Can I pay the naturalization fees in installments?

USCIS does not currently offer installment payment plans for the naturalization fees. You’ll need to pay the full amount when you submit your application unless you qualify for a fee waiver.

FAQ 7: What happens if I can’t afford an immigration attorney?

There are many non-profit organizations that offer free or low-cost legal services to immigrants. These organizations can provide legal assistance with your naturalization application. Consult the Department of Justice’s list of recognized organizations.

FAQ 8: Is the cost of citizenship the same for everyone?

The application and biometrics fees are generally the same for all applicants. However, other costs, such as translation services and legal fees, can vary depending on individual circumstances.

FAQ 9: Where can I find the most up-to-date information about naturalization fees?

The most reliable source of information about naturalization fees is the USCIS website (uscis.gov). Always refer to the official website for the latest fee schedule and instructions.

FAQ 10: What is the fee for the oath of allegiance ceremony?

There is no fee for the oath of allegiance ceremony. This is the final step in the naturalization process, where you officially become a U.S. citizen.

FAQ 11: Does the fee change if I apply from outside the United States?

You cannot apply for naturalization from outside the United States. You must be a lawful permanent resident residing in the U.S. to be eligible to apply.

FAQ 12: Are there any programs to help with the cost of studying for the civics test?

Some community organizations and libraries offer free or low-cost civics classes and study materials. Check with your local community centers and libraries for available resources. Some online resources are also available.

Becoming a U.S. citizen is a significant achievement, and understanding the associated costs is crucial for planning your journey. While the fees can be substantial, resources like fee waivers and non-profit legal services are available to assist those who need them. Always rely on official USCIS sources for the most current and accurate information. Good luck on your path to citizenship!